精神分裂病患者の身体機能に及ぼす入院期間および薬物量の影響

The effects of admission period and drug dose on the physical capacity in the inpatients with schizophrenic disorder

要旨：精神分裂病患者は生活障害者といわれ，生活全般に能力が低下している．その一つに，身体機能の低下があり，それが社会復帰の障害要因になっている．今回，われわれは精神分裂病患者の運動機能測定を行い，同時に患者の入院期間と向精神薬の服薬量を調査し，その運動機能への影響について検討した．精神分裂病患者には筋力(握力・背筋力)，跳躍力，柔軟性の全てに能力低下があったが，握力以外の低下には入院期間および向精神薬とに有意な相関関係は認められなかった．精神分裂病患者の運動機能低下には入院期間や服薬量以外の要因が複雑に関与していると考えられた．作業療法では精神分裂病患者の身体機能面への働きかけが重要であると考えられる．

　The patients with schizophrenic disorder have many problems in their daily life. One of these problems is a failure of their physical capacity, and this failure prevents their rehabilitation to social life. The purpose of this study is to measure their physical capacity and to investigate the effects of admission period and drug dose on the physical capacity in the patients.

　We measured their muscular strength of grasping, back stretching and jamming, and the ability of anteflexion and postflexion in the body. The muscular power of hands, back and legs and the body flexibility were found to be weakened in the patient. However, there was little correlation between their decreased physical capacity and their admission period and drug dose in the hospital. Factors other than admission period and drug dose were suspected of causing the restricted physical capacity in the inpatients.

　In the occupational therapy, a treatment to improve physical capacity should be recommended to promote social rehabilitation in the patients with schizophrenic disorder.