精神分裂病者における特徴的平衡機能の一考案

Two types of equilibrium performance in schizophrenic subjects

要旨：精神分裂病患者20名に10m歩行，線上歩行，および開眼・閉眼片足立ち検査を実施して平衡機能を検討した．全体的に閉眼片足立ち検査で平衡機能の低下がみられた．さらに，閉眼片足立ちで15秒以下の対象者を平衡機能に何らかの障害をもつ可能性がある群とみなし分析したところ，線上歩行で平均値以上に時間がかかる群(A群)では開眼片足立ちと線上歩行との間に強い正の相関(r＝0.883)がみられ，それ以外の対象者群(B群)では強い負の相関(r＝−0.773)がみられた．一般に視覚刺激はバランス反応を良くするが，今回の結果は精神分裂病患者の中に視覚刺激に対するバランス反応の違いを示す2つのタイプが存在する可能性を示唆するものとなった．

　In the present study, we examined equilibrium functioning in 20 adult schizophrenic patients using the following three tests: 10m Straight-away, Tandem Gait and One-Foot Standing. The results revealed poor functioning in the One-Foot Standing with closed eyes. In a further analysis, the group with low functioning in static equilibrium (which was established at less than 15 seconds in One-Foot Standing) was divided into Group A and Group B. Group A performed over the mean time in the Tandem test and Group B performed below it. In Group A, a significant correlation (r = 0.883) was found between the One-Foot Standing with eyes opened. However, a negative correlation (r = -0.773) was found for Group B. Generally speaking, when the visual stimulation was increased, the balance reaction improves. Therefore, these results suggest that a high and low equilibrium functioning group existed within the 20 schizophrenic subjects.