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Japanese Occupational Therapy Research Volume 17, Issue 2 （April 1998）

作業療法 17巻2号（1998年4月発行）

Japanese English

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◆研究と報告

1日における作業療法の回数が精神分裂病者に与える効果—3年間にわたるバウムテストによる補助的評価を試みて Comparison of once-daily and twice-daily long-term occupational therapy in schizophrenic patients : Additional analysis with the Baum test 稲富宏之 ¹ , 森田喜一郎 ² , 井上ひとみ ³ , 中村桂 ³ , 原村耕治 ³ Hiroyuki Inadomi ¹ , Kiichiro Morita ² , Hitomi Inoue ³ , Katsura Nakamura ³ , Kouji Haramura ³ ¹長崎大学医療技術短期大学部 ²久留米大学医学部精神神経科学教室 ³医療法人社団相和会中村病院 ¹School of Allied Medical Science, Nagasaki University ²Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine ³Nakamura Hospital キーワード：作業量，精神分裂病 , (バウムテスト) , 効果 , 評価 , working volume , schizophrenia , Baum test , efficacy , evaluation Keyword: 作業量，精神分裂病 , (バウムテスト) , 効果 , 評価 , working volume , schizophrenia , Baum test , efficacy , evaluation pp.133-142

発行日 1998年4月15日 Published Date 1998/4/15

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要旨：1日に1単位と2単位の作業療法(以下，OT)を入院中の精神分裂病者31名に3年間行い，そのOTの効果を経時的に検討した．OT効果の指標は毎月の出席率(％)とOT評価尺度を用いた．またバウムテストを施行し，成長指標，樹木要素指標，歪み指標を計測した．その結果，出席率は半年で約60％，1年以後は約85％を示した．OT評価は1年まで改善し，以後一定であった．出席率とOT評価は2単位OT群が1単位OT群より有意に高かった．バウムテストの成長指標も有意に増大した．樹木要素指標である2線主枝は2単位OT群が1単位OT群より有意に多かった．以上より2単位OTは1単位OTより今回の対象者では有益であると考えられた．

　Occupational therapy (OT) is one of the best treatments for the mental rehabilitation of chronic schizophrenic patients. The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of the number of OT sessions per day over the course of three years in 31 patients with schizophrenia. The Baum test was carried out for an additional evaluation of OT. The majority of patients received OT once daily (in the afternoon) while the remainder received OT twice daily (in the morning and afternoon). The two groups were evaluated by the rate of attendance per month at OT (%) and by the traditional OT evaluation scale. The Baum tests were carried out for 3 years at intervals of about 1 month. Informed consent was obtained for each test from all subjects.

　The rate of attendance from the start of OT progressively increased. After six months, the rate grew to about 60% and, afte one year, to about 85%. The rate of attendance in the twice-daily OT group was significantly higher than that in the once-daily OT group over the last 2 years. The traditional OT evaluation scale also progressively increased. The value of the growth index using the Baum test decreased transiently in the early period, but significantly and progressively increased for 2 years thereafter. The number of double-lined branches significantly increased with time after the start of OT, with a significant difference between the twice-daily and once-daily OT groups during the second and third years after the start of OT. These results strongly suggested that twice-daily OT may be effective therapy for schizophrenia because there were significant improvements in the rate of OT attendance and in scores on the OT evaluation scale and Baum test. We hypothesize that the Baum test may be useful for the over all judgment of the efficacy of a recovery process from psychiatric diseases.