中高年就業者の日常生活機能と職業能力—製造業従事者について(第2報)

ADL Abilities and Vocational Competencies in NonHandicapped Blue-Collar Workers Aged 45 and Over(2nd Report)

要旨：製造業に従事する健常中高年男性就業者48名を対象に，記憶力や筋力等13の基本職業能力に対応させて作成した日常生活機能55項目のアンケート調査を実施した結果，以下のことが明らかとなった．

　①全員が「楽にできる」のは5項目(タオル絞り，コートの腕通し，ドアの開閉，蛇口ひねり，引戸の開閉)であった．②基本職業能力のうち遂行度が高かったのは筋力で標準偏差も小さく，一方，集中力は得点が低く標準偏差も大きかった(p＜.05)．③企画力，協調性，筋力，持久力，手先の器用さ，平衡バランスは年代による差は認められなかったが，学習力，敏捷性と集中力は65歳以上が有意に低かった(p＜.05)．日常生活機能を通して中高年製造業従事者の職業能力の特性が明らかとなり，試作した日常生活機能調査の職業能力評価としての有効性が確認できた．

　48 non-handicapped male blue-collar workers aged 45 to 67 were asked about their vocational competencies using the new ADL (Activities of Daily Living) checklists which contain 55 items. The result were as follows.

1.5 items such as towel, dressing, open the door, screw the water tab, open the sliding door, subjects do it "very easily". 2. Muscle power and Quick reaction were achieved with high scores however, Adaptation and Power of Concentration showed low scores. 3. The scores of the Planning ability, Coordination, Muscle power, Tolerance and Finger dexterities showed no significant difference between those aged 45 and over, however, those over 65 showed low scores in Learning ability, Quick reaction and Power of concentration (p＜.05).

　The result of the ADL checklists accurately illustrated the workers traits. The effectiveness of the new ADL checklists was confirmed.