発達障害児と家族の外出に関する質問紙の開発に向けて

Development of a social participation questionnaire for families of children with developmental disorders

要旨：外出は社会参加としての役割を果たす重要な作業であるが，発達障害児と家族は外出を満足に行えていない現状がある．そこで，本研究では外出時に抱えている困りごとや必要としている支援を具体的に把握するための質問紙開発に向け，質問紙の採用項目を決定することを目的とした調査を実施した．研究Ⅰでは，発達障害児の養育者9名に対し半構成的インタビューを行い，KJ法にて分析した結果107項目を生成した．研究Ⅱでは，発達障害児の養育者108名に対しDelphi法に基づき各項目の重要度を問う3回のアンケート調査を実施し，その結果95項目を質問紙項目として採用した．今後は回答尺度や使用方法の検討を進め，質問紙開発を目指す．

　Going out from the house is essential for social participation. However, for the families of children with developmental disorders, such opportunities are limited. This study examined the question items used to develop a social participation questionnaire for the families of children with developmental disorders. Nine parents of children with developmental disorders took part in semi-structured interviews as study I. Interview voice data were transcribed and analyzed by KJ-method, and 107 tentative question items were extracted. For study II, these question items were examined by 3-round Delphi-method, using 108 parents of children with developmental disorders. The parents answered how important these question items were in order to evaluate their difficulties and needs for outside home activities. Finally, 95 question items were selected as “Social participation questionnaire for the families of children with developmental disorders” question items. Further studies to examine the practical application of the scoring system will be carried out.