自閉症スペクトラム障害児の不器用さに対する認知指向型・家族参加型グループリハビリテーションの試み〜しまはちチャレンジグループの有効性と課題〜

Cognitive-oriented group rehabilitation for clumsy children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents : A practical report

要旨：不器用さを併せ持つ自閉症スペクトラム障害の小学1年生の子ども4名に，3ヵ月間（全6回）の認知指向型・家族参加型のグループリハビリテーション（以下，グループ）を実施した．子ども自身が苦手な，またはできるようになりたい課題を設定し，「どうしたらうまくいくのか」を考え，作戦をたてながら練習し，それを大人が支援する手法を用いた．子どもたちはグループを楽しみ，仲間意識が生まれ，設定課題の技能向上を認めた．グループ後も親子で課題に向き合う姿勢が継続し，成功体験を重ねた家族も見られた．今後，協調運動への効果に加え，子どもだけでなく親子で課題に取り組むグループ活動の効果についても，症例を重ねて検討していきたい．

　We performed cognitive-oriented group rehabilitation for clumsy children with Autism Spectrum Disorder for three months which included parental participation. This group was named “Shimahachi Challenge Group”, and included four children and their families. The children selected a poor motor skill which they wanted to improve as the task, thought “How do I practice to improve this skill?” and planned their strategy together with the practitioners and their families. All children enjoyed the group activities, developed feelings of friendship, and improved their motor skills. In one family, the parent-child relationship also improved after this program. Further research is required to determine whether this group rehabilitation has a positive effect on not only improving children's motor skills but also fostering a collaborative relationship between parents and children.