親子分離経験が脳性麻痺児の社会適応能力に与える影響

Effect of Experiencing Parent-Child Separation on Social Adaptive Skills of Children with Cerebral Palsy

要旨

目的：親子分離経験が脳性麻痺児の社会適応能力に与える影響を，明らかにすることを目的とした．

方法：対象児は，特別支援学校に所属する脳性麻痺児で，5・6日間の親子分離キャンプに参加した「キャンプ参加群」と，親子分離経験をしない「非参加群」に振り分けた．社会適応能力を評価することのできるASA旭出式社会適応スキル検査を，親子分離経験の前後に実施した．統計解析は，社会適応スキル検査得点を従属変数，2群と時間経過を独立変数とした，反復測定二元配置分散分析を行った．交互作用が見込まれた場合は，単純主効果の検定を行った．

結果：検査の下位項目である社会生活スキルと，全スキル得点において交互作用が認められた．単純主効果の検定の結果，「キャンプ参加群」でこの2項目と対人関係スキルの時間経過に伴う向上的な変化がみられた．

結論：脳性麻痺児にとって親子分離経験は，社会適応能力の向上が期待できる機会であると考えられた．

Objective：This study aimed to examine the effect of experiencing parent-child separation on the social adaptive skills of children with cerebral palsy.

Methods：The subjects were children with cerebral palsy who belonged to special schools. They were divided into two groups based on whether or not they would experience parent-child separation by participating in the camp activity. Asahide-shiki Social Adaptability (ASA) was used to evaluate their social adaptive skills. ASA consists of four specified sub-scales, namely “language,” “daily living,” “social life,” and “interpersonal relationship”. The data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with the group and the time of evaluation as the independent variables. The simple main effect test was used, following the Bonferroni method.

Results：Interaction was observed at the total skills scores and “Social life” of the sub-scales items, while the time of evaluation was found to have a main effect on the subscale scores of social life and interpersonal relationship. As a result of the simple main effect, improvements in social life, interpersonal relationship and the total skills scores were recognized in the group experiencing parent-child separation.

Conclusion：Cerebral palsy children who experienced parent-child separation improved their social adaptive skills, particularly social life and interpersonal relationship skills. For children with cerebral palsy, who lack experience of social participation, extraordinary experiences are an opportunity to review their relationships with people in daily life, and it leads to improvement in their social adaptive skills.