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要旨
目的:首都圏デイケアにおける高齢心不全患者の心臓リハビリテーションの実態について調査し,課題点の抽出と改善に向けた施策の検討を行う.
方法:首都圏のデイケア126施設を対象にアンケート調査を行った.調査項目は1.施設の属性,2.心不全患者に対する問題点とその解決方法,3.リハビリテーションサービス内容と急変時を含む施設におけるリスク管理,4.心不全患者が受け入れ困難な場合の理由,についての4分野14項目とした.
結果:アンケート回収率は41%であった.デイケアにおいても高齢心不全患者の受け入れは困難であった.心臓リハビリテーションへの取り組みには,「地域における高齢心不全患者の増加」,「地域心臓リハビリテーションにおける心不全患者の対応困難」,「施設病院間における診療情報の不足」が課題として挙げられた.その施策として,高齢心不全患者のための心臓リハビリテーションの規範的ツールを作成すること,施設と病院間で相互に有用な情報を明示した共有ツールを作成することが必要であると考えられた.
結論:首都圏のデイケアでは高齢心不全患者の受け入れには3つの課題があり,その施策として地域で共有できる規範ツールと情報共有ツールを作成することが必要である.
Objective:To identify related challenges and develop improvement plans, we examined the status of cardiac rehabilitation of elderly patients with heart failure in day-care facilities within a metropolitan area.
Methods:A mail questionnaire survey was conducted among 126 day-care facilities registered with the Japan Association for Day Care. The questionnaire consisted of 14 questions regarding the following:1) facility attributes;2) difficulties in managing patients with heart failure and the solutions applied;3) rehabilitation service contents and methods to manage risks in the facility, including sudden changes in patient conditions;and 4) if acceptance of patients with heart failure was difficult, the cause of the difficulty.
Results:The response rate was 41%.Physical therapists were the largest professional group, accounting for 67.8% of all respondents. As for facility users, 70.4% were aged ≥75 years. Patients with heart failure were treated in 87.6% of the facilities. The challenges of cardiac rehabilitation in the day-care facilities are summarized in 3 points as follows:1) an increasing number of elderly patients with heart failure in communities, 2) lack of preparedness to manage patients with heart failure in community-based cardiac rehabilitation, and 3) insufficient medical information sharing between facilities and hospitals.
Conclusion:The results highlight the importance of creating guidelines on cardiac rehabilitation for community-dwelling elderly patients with heart failure and facility-hospital sharing tools that specify information useful for both parties to provide appropriate cardiac rehabilitation in day-care facilities.
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