高次脳機能障害に使用される簡易な神経心理学的検査の青年標準値―Mini-Mental State Examination，Trail Making Test，Wisconsin Card Sorting Testパソコン版，三宅式記銘力検査

Adolescent Normative Data on Simple Neuropsychological Tests for Cognitive Behavioral Disorders : Mini-Mental State Examination, Trail Making Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-KFS Version and Miyake's Verbal Paired-Associate Learning Test

要旨：簡易な神経心理学的検査は外傷性脳損傷者の評価に頻用されるが，青年期基準値が設定されていない．そこで我々は15～30歳の健常青年124名を対象にTrail Making Test (TMT) Part AとB，Wisconsin Card Sorting Testパソコン版（WCST-KFS），三宅式記銘力検査（MVPLT）の標準値を求めた．全対象での中央値はTMT Part Aが23.8秒，Part Bは49.0秒であった．WCST-KFSの達成カテゴリー数は5，ネルソン型保続数は2，セット維持困難数は0であった．MVPLTの有関係対語3回目は10，無関係対語3回目は9であった．また，年齢とTMT Part B，WCST-KFSのネルソン型保続数に弱い負の相関，MVPLT有関係対語1回目とは弱い正の相関を認め，15～30歳において年齢の影響が示唆された．今回示した標準値は青年期高次脳機能障害者の臨床評価や障害認定の基準となる．

Abstract : Although the Trail Making Test (TMT) Part A, B, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-KFS version (WCST-KFS) and Miyake's Verbal Paired-Associate Learning Test (MVPLT) are simple tools to evaluate cognitive dysfunction in patients with traumatic brain injury, there is very little normative data for young persons available in Japan. Therefore, we evaluated 124 healthy persons who were from 15 to 30 years old with the three assessment tools. Median numbers of TMT Part A and Part B were 23.8 seconds and 49.0 seconds, respectively. Median numbers of achieved categories, perseverative errors of the Nelson type, and difficulties of maintaining set in the WCST-KFS were 5, 2 and 0, respectively. Median numbers of correct answers for related and unrelated pairs of MVPLT were 10 and 9 at the third trial, respectively. TMT Part B and perseverative errors of the Nelson type had a negative and weak correlation with age. And related pairs of MVPLT at the first trial had a positive and weak correlation with age. The normative values obtained in this study would be a useful standard for clinical assessments and acknowledgment of disabilities.