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近年,吃音児・者における実行機能の役割について,多くの研究が報告されるようになってきた.実行機能は情動の制御や注意機能と関係があり,これらは吃音との関係が示唆されていることから,実行機能の役割が注目されているものと考えられる.本研究では幼児期のみを対象とした吃音と実行機能を検討した研究の蓄積状況を整理していくことを目的に文献レビューを実施した.その結果,22報の論文を選抜した.測定概念の内訳は,「ワーキングメモリ」が9報,「抑制」が2報,「認知の柔軟性」が3報,「全般的な実行機能」が2報,「情動の調整」が6報であった.課題としては,①要素ごとの検討が多く実行機能の統合的な検討がなされていないこと,②ワーキングメモリの報告のほとんどが言語性短期記憶のみの検討であったこと,③縦断的研究が少ないこと,が挙げられた.
In recent years, many studies have reported on the role of executive functions in children and adults who stutter. Executive functions are related to emotional regulation and attention, and these are suggested to be related to stuttering. In this study, we conducted a literature search for studies that examined stuttering and executive functions in early childhood. As a result, 22 papers were selected and reviewed. Among these, the following shortcomings were identified:(1) many studies examined only one element of executive functions, without consideration for integrated executive functions, (2) most of the reports on working memory were only on verbal short-term memory, and (3) only a few of the studies were longitudinal.
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