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Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome Noboru HAGINO 1 1Division of Rheumatology Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center pp.909-918
Published Date 2018/10/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.3102200572
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Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is characterized by excessive, complement-mediated, systemic inflammation and microvascular thrombosis which eventually leads to tissue necrosis and multiple organ failure, with the continuous presence of antiphospholipid antibody. The incidence of CAPS is low, and an international registry has registered only 500 cases worldwide. Primary CAPS without a diagnosis of previously known rheumatic disease comprises about half of the registered cases. Some authorities suggest that CAPS may be underdiagnosed, since establishing the diagnosis of primary CAPS is extremely difficult. One must have a low threshold to diagnose CAPS in patients with systemic inflammation, microvascular thrombosis, and multiple organ failure. “Triple therapy” including heparin, pulse steroids, and plasma exchange, must be initiated for patients with “suspected CAPS”. Other possible interventions include intravenous immunoglobulin, amputation of necrotic tissue, and drastic treatment of the underlying infection. Biologic agents such as Rituximab and Eculizumab have been reported to be effective in refractory or relapsing cases.


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電子版ISSN 2186-7852 印刷版ISSN 1883-4833 メディカル・サイエンス・インターナショナル

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