「産褥期にある母親の育児力形成支援」の概念分析

Concept Analysis of "Support for Developing Parenting Skills in Postpartum Mothers"

抄録

【目的】本研究の目的は、「産褥期にある母親の育児力形成支援」の概念分析を行い、産褥期にある母親の育児力形成支援の定義と構成概念を明らかにすることである。

【対象と方法】Rodgersの手法を用いて概念分析を行った。和文献は、データベースに医学中央雑誌Ver.5およびCiNiiを使用し、ハンドサーチを含めた育児力形成支援に関する文献30件を対象に分析した。英文は、PubMedを使用し、5件を分析対象とした。

【結果】属性は、【わが子の表情・行動・反応をよみとり応答する力を高める】、【育児への主体性を高める】、【退院後の母子の個別な生活に合わせた育児方法の確立をめざす】、【育児の肯定感を高める】【身体の回復段階にケアを合わせる】、【思いに寄り添い自己決定につなげる】、【その人らしい現実的な母親像の構築を促す】、【周囲の身近な支援者の力を高める】の8カテゴリが抽出された。先行要件は、【母子に医学的に問題がなく地域で育児を始める】、【日々の育児への戸惑いが解消されない】の2つのカテゴリが抽出された。帰結として【児の合図に対応でき、適切な育児ができる】、【児に合わせた育児を自立してできる】、【ゆとりある育児ができ育児に自信をもつ】、【母親役割を獲得し母親としての自己像を確立する】の4つのカテゴリが抽出された。

【結論】概念分析の結果、「産褥期にある母親の育児力形成支援」は、「母親の状況に応じて子への対応力や育児の主体性・肯定感が育まれるよう、身近な支援者の力量も高めながら、母子に合った育児生活を確立し、その人らしい母親像の構築を促す支援」と定義することができた。本概念の特徴は、産褥期という本格的に育児がスタートする時期に、その先にある育児生活を見据えて支援を開始するということであった。

Abstract

【Purpose】The purpose of this study is to conduct a concept analysis of "Support for developing　parenting skills in postpartum mothers" and to clarify the definition and the constructive concept of　support for developing parenting skills in mothers during the postpartum period.

【Method】A concept analysis was conducted using the Rodgers’ method. For Japanese literature, the　databases“ Japan Medical Abstracts（ Ichushi） Ver. 5” and“ CiNii” were used, and 30 articles related to　support for developing parenting skills were analyzed. For English literature,“ PubMed” was used, and 5 articles were analyzed.

【Results】Eight categories were derived for attributes: 【Improving the ability to read and respond to the child's cues】，【Increasing autonomy in child-rearing】，【Aiming to establish child-rearing methods tailored to the individual lifestyle of mother/child after hospital discharge】，【Increasing positive feelings about child-rearing】，【Adjusting to the physical recovery stage】，【Supporting mothers’ thoughts and encouraging their self-determination】，【Encouraging the creation of a realistic image of motherhood that is unique to each individual】，and【 Enhancing the capabilities of close supporters】. Two categories were derived for the antecedent conditions: 【Starting child-rearing in the community with no medical problems】 and【 Continuing to face daily child-rearing challenges】. Four categories were derived for the consequences:【 Being able to respond to the child's cues and provide appropriate child-rearing】，【Being able to independently provide child-rearing tailored to the child】，【Achieving relaxed child-rearing and gaining confidence in child-rearing】，and【 Acquiring the maternal role and establishing a self-image as a mother】．

【Conclusion】As a result of the concept analysis, we were able to define "Support for developing child-rearing skills in postpartum mothers " as "Support for establishing a child-rearing lifestyle that suits mother and child, and constructing a mother-image that is unique to each individual, while also enhancing the capabilities of close supporters, so that mothers can develop the ability to respond to their child and a sense of independence and affirmation in child-rearing according to the mother's situation." The distinctive feature of this concept is that support begins at the postpartum period, when childrearing begins in earnest, with an eye toward the child-rearing lifestyle that lies beyond.