育児期の家族のなかで「家族」と「女性」に健康的な生活をもたらすプロセス

Processes Contributing to the Childbearing Women's Health and their Families' Health

　育児期の家族のなかで，家族と女性に健康的な生活をもたらすプロセスを抽出することを目的として，質的因子探索型研究を行なった。データ収集は，妊娠末期・産後2か月・産後6か月の計3回，グループインタビューにより5人の女性たちに，さらに個別インタビューを6組の家族と女性に実施した。家族と女性の両方に健康的な生活をもたらすプロセスとして，「支援を選びながら」「境界をつくりながら」「異なる体験を認め合いながら」「そのままでよいと認め合いながら」「関係を再調整しながら」「生活を再調整しながら」居心地のよい場所にしでゆく6つのプロセスが抽出された。育児期の女性と形成されつつある家族は，いずれも看護学のケアの対象として重要な独立したヘルスシステムである。本研究から，臨床において2つのヘルスシステムが、全体としてかつ部分として，相互に，同等にアプローチされることが家族と女性に健康をもたらす手がかりとして示唆された。

　Research has been conducted to determine those processes which ensure that women and their families can achieve a healthy life while bringing up their children. This research involved a qualitative descriptive method with a longitudinal prospective design.

　Data were collected by interviewing a total of eleven women on three occasions ― at the end of pregnancy, two months after delivery and six months after delivery. Five of the women were interviewed together as a group, whereas the other six were interviewed individually with family members present.

　The results from the research have shown that there are six processes which are taken by mothers to help provide a comfortable home environment during the period following childbirth:

1. Choosing appropriate assistance.

2. Establishing a new family boundary without too much outside interference.

3. Appreciating the varying experiences of different family members.

4. Accepting other family members the way they are.

5. Readjusting to relationships with other family members.

6. Adapting to a new way of life.

　It has been proven that after childbirth. women and other family members require particular care. The research has revealed that both the women and their families should be observed and treated accordingly, taking into account the effects on each other, in order to establish a healthy family life.