女性の健康に関するケアリングを学ぶ手がかりとなるプロセスの抽出

Investigation of Methods to Assist Learning about Women's Health Care

はじめに

　ケアリングは，環境の中でホリスティックに生きる存在である患者-看護者の相互作用であり，看護者の職業的な介入であると同時に，人間としての関わりである。近年は，実践に限らず，教育の中心でもあるとして，多くの教育者が注目している^1,2）。しかし，看護の実践・教育で中核をなすとしても，従来の教育の中心を担ってきた技術・知識の習得に比較すると，ケアリングを学ぶことは，きわめて曖昧で不可視的である。よって，それぞれの専門領域における特性を明瞭にし，学生が臨床実習において，ケアリングを学ぶ手がかりを提示することが必要ではないだろうか。

　The purpose of this study is to discover what methods can help midwifery students to learn more about health care. Interviews were conducted with 9 midwifery students, then the data were analyzed by the qualitative descriptive method.

　The 158 different types of interaction between students and the women patients they cared for, which were initially described by the students, were classified into 11 categories and summarized into 3 different stages of learning. The first stage is where the students can understand what they have learnt through their involvement with the women. The second stage occurs when the students can improve their knowledge by patient feedback, and the third stage involves the students and women involved in a mutually beneficial and motivating relationship.

　The study has resulted in the following data which have potential implications for planning the students'clinical internships. It was shown that educators have an important role to play in making sure the students understand what they have learnt from looking after the women. Secondly, it would be necessary to provide them with ample opportunities to obtain feedback from the women. Thirdly, it is essential to encourage the students to experience caring for women while maintaining a mutually empowering relationship.