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はじめに
本稿では,これまで述べられてきたグループおよびコミュニティを対象とした支援活動を適切に評価することを目的として行なわれる,グループを対象とした(介入)研究の計画と解析方法について,その基礎となる考え方を示すこととする。
Group intervention studies involve assignment of alternative treatment conditions to different communities or social groups. Main methodological issues involved in such studies stem from group-allocation feature. Because group members share exposure to a common sociocultural environment, interact with each other, and influence each other's behavior, we cannot regard measurements taken on different members within such groups as statistically independent. In this article, design and analysis of group intervention studies, especially group-randomised studies considering comparison of means, are briefly introduced.
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