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Type 1 diabetes Fumitaka Haseda 1 , Jungo Terasaki 1 , Toshiaki Hanafusa 1 1Department of Internal Medicine (Ⅰ), Osaka Medical College Hospital Keyword: 遺伝因子 , 環境因子 , HLA , ウイルス感染 pp.1280-1287
Published Date 2011/10/30
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1542102814
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the loss of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to insulin deficiency. This type of diabetes can be classified as autoimmune-mediated (Type 1A) or idiopathic (Type 1B). When classifying type 1 diabetes according to the manner of onset, it is divided into three groups ; acute onset, slowly progressive and fulminant type 1 diabetes. Islet-related autoantibodies such as anti-GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) antibody and anti-IA-2 (insulinoma-associated protein-2) antibody are found in the majority of acute onset type 1 diabetes, so it is classified as type 1A. Anti-GAD Ab is also found in slowly progressive type 1 diabetes. On the other hand, fulminant type 1 diabetes is negative in general for islet-related autoantibodies and classified as type 1B. As the etiology of type 1A diabetes, viral infection, food factor or chemical factor based on genetic factor, is thought to activate the autoimmune reaction to pancreatic beta cells, leading to their destruction. We will concentrate here on recent advances in our understanding of the genetics, epidemiology, pathogenesis, prediction, prevention, and treatment of type 1 diabetes.


Copyright © 2011, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1367 印刷版ISSN 0485-1420 医学書院

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