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Anti-emetic Effect of Granisetron in Patients Undergoing Cranial and Craniospinal Radiotherapy Fumiyuki YAMASAKI 1 , Yosuke WATANABE 1 , Ryo NOSAKA 1 , Masahiro KENJO 2 , Kazuhiro NAKAMURA 3 , Takeshi TAKAYASU 1 , Taiichi SAITO 1 , Atsushi TOMINAGA 1 , Kazuhiko SUGIYAMA 4 , Kaoru KURISU 1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University 3Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University 4Department of Clinical Oncology and Neuro-oncology Program, Hiroshima University Hospital Keyword: granisetron , radiotherapy , emesis , malignant brain tumor pp.27-34
Published Date 2014/1/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1436102155
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 Purpose: Approximately 30-59% of patients undergoing cranial or craniospinal radiotherapy experience nausea and/or vomiting. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of granisetron for controlling emesis in patients treated with cranial or craniospinal radiotherapy.

 Patients and Methods: Between December 2011 and January 2013, 34 patients(19 males, 15 females;age range, 3-80 years)received cranial or craniospinal radiotherapy at our department. All but one male patient, who developed meningitis during the irradiation period were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients who experienced irradiation-induced vomiting(grade 1)or nausea(grade 2)were treated with granisetron as a rescue anti-emetic. Episodes were graded as(1)no vomiting, no nausea, no anti-emetic;(2)no vomiting, nausea, no anti-emetic;(3)no vomiting, nausea with anti-emetic;and(4)vomiting.

 Results: Of the 9 patients who underwent whole-brain or whole neural-axis irradiation, 5(55.6%)experienced grade 2 nausea or vomiting. Two of 6 patients(33.3%)treated with whole ventricle irradiation experienced grade 2 nausea or vomiting. Three of 18 patients(16.7%)who underwent local-field irradiation experienced grade 2 nausea or vomiting. Patients who underwent wide-field irradiation experienced nausea, vomiting, and anorexia(p<0.05). Complete response(no vomiting, no additional rescue anti-emetic, and no nausea)was observed in 5 of 9 patients treated with granisetron. Four of 9 patients(44.4%)treated with granisetron experienced constipation(grade 1 or 2);its administration had no major adverse effects in our study population.

 Conclusion: Rescue therapy with granisetron is safe and effective to treat nausea and vomiting in patients subjected to cranial or craniospinal irradiation.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1251 印刷版ISSN 0301-2603 医学書院

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