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The neuronal mechanisms of sneeze Satoshi NONAKA 1 , Yoshihiro OHTA 2 1Department of Otolaryngology, Asahikawa Medical College 2The Second Department of Physiology, Asahikawa Medical College pp.228-236
Published Date 1986/4/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431905777
  • Abstract
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 The airway reflexes prevent the penetration of exogenous substrates into the lower respiratory tract. Together with cough, sneeze is one of the most essential airway reflexes. The sneeze is characterized by an abrupt increase in the subglottic pressure followed by a forceful active expiration. In this study, we tried to analyse the neuronal mechanisms of sneeze in a precollicular-postmammillary decerebrate cat. Such preparations maintained spontaneous and rhythmical respiration with a rate of about 30/min.

 Mechanical stimulation (duration; 5 s, frequency; 20Hz, amplitude; 500pm) to the nasal membrane by means of a spring coil vibrator interrupted rhythmical respiration and evoked sneeze (peak pressure; 80-100 cmH2O). In the same preparation, electrical stimulation (0.2ms, 10Hz, 10-40μA) of a certain area within a lower brainstem evoked sneeze. The sequences of EMG activation and the accompanying change in the subglottic pressure were almost the same across brainstem-induced sneezes and nasal-induced ones. The sneeze evoking region was located ventromedial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus extending rostrocaudally from P 4.0 to 12.0 according to Horsley-Clarke coordinates. Microlesion made at a caudal portion of this region diminished the rostral stimulus effects. No significant change in the caudal stimulus effect was observed with rostral microlesion of this region. Rhythmically firing inspiratory neurons located ventral to the nucleus ambiguusincreased its firing rate significantly corresponding to the preparatory inspiratory phase of sneeze. Expiratory neurons increased its firing rate dramatically corresponding to the explosive expiratory phase of sneeze.


Copyright © 1986, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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