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Neoplastic transformation and functional diversity of astrocyte. Iwao TAKESHITA 1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine Kyushu University pp.638-647
Published Date 1993/8/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431900355
  • Abstract
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Astrocyte perticipates in and regulates metabolisms of energy, electrolyte, acid-base balance and neurotransmitters, while it is ready for promptly acting and proliferating to unfavorable conditions, such as ischemia and injury. There are several proteins preferentially expresseed in astrocyte and may be engaged with the cell-specific functions. As studying the mechanism of neoplastic transformation in mammalian cells, functional loss of growth-suppressing gene (s) and gain of growth-promoting gene expression are essential for the initiation of neoplastic transformation of a normal astrocyte. Among of the known tumor suppressor genes, functional loss of retinoblastoma susceptibity (RB) gene and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene seems to be uncommon in astrocytoma, while mutation of p53 gene are commonly occurred. The p53 protein produced by mutated p53 gene poorly binds to DNA and interferes with the binding of normal p53 protein. By binding of the normal p53 protein to DNA, the gene adjacent to the binding site is activated and expressed. The expression of the “adjacent” gene(s) seems to be important for many types of cells keeping in G0/G1 resting stage. The protooncogenes of myc, N-myc and gli are amplified in a few astrocytomas. The gene products of these oncogenes are also bind to nuclear DNA or to nuclear proteins and promote cell proliferation, although their precise mechanisms are not known.


Copyright © 1993, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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