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The blood-brain barrier and astrocytes. Yasuki ISHIZAKI 1 1Medical Research Council Developmental Neurobiology Programme, Department of Biology , University College London pp.576-587
Published Date 1993/8/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431900349
  • Abstract
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The blood-brain barrier maintains the microenvironment of the brain, which is crucial for neural function. The barrier resides in the specially differentiated cerebral capillary endothelial cells.

The characteristic features of the cerebral capillary endothelial cells include:(1) the complex tight junctions between cells which provide a high electrical resistance and allow little paracellular transport, (2) paucity of micropinocytotic vesicles which are considered to be the vehicles for transcellular trans-port,(3) abundance of mitochondria, reflecting the high activity of active transport systems,(4) pre-sence of specific transport systems for ions, hexoses, monocarboxylic acids, amino acids, amines, nucleo-sides and purine bases,(5) presence of several specific “marker” enzymes, such as Na+, K+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, butyrylcholine esterase, aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase,(6) expression of several specific surface proteins, including HT7, neurothelin, and E-cadherin,(7) expression of P-glyco-protein, a transmembrane glycoprotein that actively exports lipophilic molecules out of cells, and (8) almost complete ensheathment by the foot processes of astrocytes.


Copyright © 1993, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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