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Somatostatin regulates brain Aβ levels, Aβ42, via the modulation of neprilysin activity Takashi Saito 1 , Nobuhisa Iwata 1 , Takaomi C. Saido 1 1Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN, Brain Science Institute Keyword: , ネプリライシン , ソマトスタチン , プレシナプス局在 pp.339-346
Published Date 2005/6/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100051
  • Abstract
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The deposition of amyloid β peptide(Aβ)initiates the pathological cascade leading to Alzheimer's disease(AD). In attempts to reduce the levels of Aβ deposited in the brain which would alleviate the pathology of AD pathology, we previously reported that increasing brain neprilysin activity, a major in vivo Aβ-degrading enzyme, represents an effective strategy. Although the enzymology of neprilysin is well known, the regulatory mechanism associated with its actions, particularly in the brain, are not well understood. We established an in vitro assay system to evaluate neprilysin activity, and identified some neuropeptides that regulate its activity. In particular, somatostatin(SST)was found to induce an increase in neprilysin activity and to reduce Aβ42 levels, in a study using primary neurons. In addition, neprilysin activity and the presynapse localization of neprilysin is lower in SST-deficient mice brains, and its counteraction resulted in an increase in hydrophobic Aβ, relatively selective Aβ42. These in vitro and in vivo paradigms suggest that SST regulates neprilysin activity in the brain. The aging-induced downregulation of SST levels may be a trigger for the deposition of Aβ, thus leading to late-onset sporadic AD and, as a result, SST receptor(s)emerge as pharmacological target candidates for the prevention and a therapeutic strategy for AD.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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