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インフルエンザ脳症は,インフルエンザを契機とした,非炎症性脳浮腫による急性の脳機能異常(急性脳症)であり,意識障害を主徴とする症候群である。その臨床像は多様で,複数の病型と病態が提唱されている。診断と治療は主にガイドラインに従って行われ,予後の改善が認められている。これまで主に日本人小児の疾患と考えられていたが,2009年の世界的大流行では海外や成人でも認められ,注目される疾患となった。
Abstract
Influenza-associated encephalopathy is a syndrome that chiefly manifests consciousness disturbance provoked by influenza. It is defined pathologically as acute neurological dysfunction that results from non-inflammatory brain edema. The clinical picture is so diverse that many clinical subtypes and multiple pathologies have been proposed to date. Influenza-associated encephalopathy is diagnosed and treated according to the disease guideline in Japan, which has improved the outcome of influenza-associated encephalopathy. Although influenza-associated encephalopathy had been regarded as a childhood disease in Japan, adult cases and those in the US and Europe have been reported since the 2009 pandemic. Therefore, influenza-associated encephalopathy has been spotlighted.
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