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Pathophysiology of Neuropathic Pain: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Central Sensitization in the Dorsal Horn in Neuropathic Pain Hiroki Yamanaka 1 , Koichi Noguchi 1 1Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine Keyword: neuropathic pain , plasticity , central sensitization , DRG neuron , disinhibition pp.1255-1265
Published Date 2012/11/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416101339
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Abstract

 Neuropathic pain syndromes are clinically characterized by spontaneous pain and evoked pain (hyperalgesia and allodynia). The optimal treatment approach for neuropathic pain is still under development because of the complex pathological mechanisms underlying this type of pain. The spinal cord is an important gateway thorough which peripheral pain signals are transmitted to the brain, and sensitization of the spinal neurons is one of the important mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain. Central sensitization represents enhancement of the function of neuronal circuits in nociceptive pathways and is a manifestation of the remarkable plasticity of the somatosensory nervous system after nerve injury. This review highlights the pathological features of central sensitization, which develops because of (1) injury-induced abnormal inputs from primary afferents, (2) increase in the excitability of dorsal horn neurons, and (3) activated glial cell-derived signals.


Copyright © 2012, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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