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Brain Mechanism Underlying Food Intake Regulation Yasuhiko Minokoshi 1,2 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism,Department of Developmental Physiology,National Institute for Physiological Sciences 2Department of Physiological Sciences,the Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai) School of Life Science Keyword: food intake , hypothalamus , 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase , leptin , ghrelin pp.597-604
Published Date 2011/6/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416100930
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Abstract

 Food intake is precisely regulated in all normal individuals,with a variation of <1%. The hypothalamus is a critical component of the forebrain pathways that regulate long-term energy homeostasis,and it plays a particularly important role in integrating hormonal,neurotransmitter,and nutrient signals. Obese animals fed with high-fat diets show an increase in the inflammatory signals,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and radical oxygen species in the hypothalamus and impairment in the systems regulating food intake. AMP kinase (AMP-activated protein kinase [AMPK]) is a "metabolic sensor" present in a wide variety of organisms,from yeast to mammals. Recent studies have indicated the role of AMPK in hypothalamic neurons in the integration of hormonal,neurotransmitter,and nutrient signals. Furthermore,analysis of genetically engineered mice has revealed that AMPK alters the fatty acid metabolism in the hypothalamic neurons as well as in peripheral tissues,and thereby regulates feeding behavior. Thus,hypothalamic neurons and intracellular signaling pathway that includes AMPK-fatty acid metabolism appear to be the critical components that regulate food intake and body weight.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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