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Clinical analysis of 36 cases with syphilitic uveitis Yuto Kinoshita 1 , Ryosuke Matsushima 1 , Kei Wakatsuki 1 , Ryota Nonaka 1 , Risa Sugawara 1 , Masaki Asakage 1 , Chihiro Maehara 1 , Kinya Tsubota 1 , Yoshihiko Usui 1 , Takeshi Kezuka 1 , Hiroshi Goto 1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University pp.1073-1081
Published Date 2024/9/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1410215268
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Abstract Purpose:To clarify the clinical features and prognosis of cases of syphilitic uveitis recently encountered at our hospital.

Subjects and Methods:Using medical records, we retrospectively reviewed the demographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of patients diagnosed with syphilitic uveitis at the Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital during the 10 year period from 2012 to 2022.

Results:During the above period, there were a total of 36 cases with an average age of 41.4±11.4 years. Among these cases, 30 patients(83%)were men, 17 patients(47%)had bilateral lesions, and 11 cases(31%)were HIV positive. Anterior segment inflammation was found in 24 cases(67%), vitreous opacification in 21 cases(58%), and optic disc redness in 13 cases(36%). Fluorescein angiography findings included, retinal phlebitis in 23 cases(88%), arteritis in 19 cases(73%), and fern-like fluorescein leakage from retinal capillaries in 6 cases(23%). Macular edema was observed in 5 cases(19%). Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis(ASPPC)was observed in 6 cases(17%), and optic neuritis was observed in 3 cases(8%). Treatment included oral amoxicillin trihydrate in 25 cases(69%), intravenous benzylpenicillin in 7 cases(19%), and oral minocycline hydrochloride in 2 cases(6%). Oral steroids were also used concomitantly in 5 cases(14%). The prognosis for final visual acuity was generally favorable, with 32 cases(89%)improving to a score of 0.8 or more on the Landolt ring chart.

Conclusion:Because syphilitic uveitis can present with a variety of ocular findings, a serum syphilis test should be performed for any non-specific cases of uveitis. On the other hand, there are cases where characteristic fundus manifestations(such as ASPPC)are seen. It is possible to achieve a favorable visual prognosis in most cases by diagnosing and treating the disease as early as possible. The presence of concurrent HIV infection should also be investigated in patients with syphilitic uveitis.


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