3歳児健康診査における視機能スクリーニング（第4報）

Screening of visual function in the healthcheck program for three-year-old children. Part 4

　3歳児健診受診者483人全員に斜視，視力不良その他眼科的異常を検出するためのアンケートを実施し，その回答と眼科的所見を比較し，アンケートによる眼科的スクリーニングの問題点等を考察した．

　対象　者483人を斜視（＋）群と斜視（−）群に分け斜視の有無に関する質問の答を調べた．斜視（＋）群14人の回答では斜視ありと答えた者4人，斜視なしと答えた者10人で70％が見落されていた．一方斜視（−）群469人中8人（1.7％）が斜視ありと答えていた．

　視力に関する質問には483人中の視力異常群22人中の1人（4.5％）だけが問題ありと答えたのみで21人が問題なしと答えていた．視力正常群461人中問題ありと答えた者は15人（3.3％）であった．

　以上の結果からアンケートの答だけでは斜視と視力不良については正常者はほぼ正しく判定されるが異常者が見落される率が高いといえる．

A consecutive series of 483 children were eva-luated through questionnaires to parents regarding strabismus, low vision and other eye disorders during our 3-year-old health check program. The results were compared with acutual ophthalmological findings in these children.

We detected 14 children with strabismus in the present series. Out of these 14, the presence of stra-bismus was noted by their parents only in 4 (29%), the remaining 10 (71%) being overlooked. Out of the other 469 non-squinting children verified by us, 8 (1.7%) were misjudged by the parents as having strabismus.

Out of 22 children in the whole series verified to suffer from low vision, only one child was reported in the questionnaire by the parents. The other 21 (95%) were overlooked by their parents. Out of the remaining 461 normal children, 15 (3.3%) were reported by their parents as apparently low vision.

The present findings indicate that mass-screening attempts to identify strabismus and low vision through questionnaires are of occasional and limited value when applied to 3-year-old children.