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緒言
近時,海上交通の増加から,海難事故が頻発し,船長,航海士等をはじめとして船員の視力の基準が日本海難防止協会,運輸省,商船大学等で問題視され,かつ海技従事者の視力,海上交通従事員の視力の基準の研究と船員の重篤な眼外傷の予防と治療2)〜6)が再検討されている(第1表)。
最近3年5カ月間に東京船員保険病院受診の船員の眼疾患患者を検討し7),眼外傷の最も多発することを知つたが,その予防策の一つとして同時に船員の視力について検討を行なつた。
The minimum visual acuity requirements for seamen has been set, officially, at 0.5 for offi-cers. Lower standards have been set for wor-kers aboard below the rank of officers.
In consideration of the actual nature of acti-vity and the current status of visual function in 188 normal and 373 sick seamen examined by the present authors, a proposal is made for a standard visual acuity requirements for sea-men as follows :
The officers aboard, i. e. captain, pilot, navi-gator and chief engineer, ought to have visual acuity of more than 0.8 in each eye.
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