成人の眼球形状の性差と年代による推移

Ocular dimensions in adults as related to age and gender

要約　目的：年齢と性別の眼球の形態の報告。対象と方法：手術の既往がない成人333例333眼を対象とした。男性161例，女性172例で，平均年齢は男性52.8±19.7歳，女性54.7±18.4歳である。IOLマスター^TMで眼軸長，角膜の横径と曲率半径，前房深度を測定した。結果：眼軸長は男性23.80±1.44mm，女性23.43±1.50mm，角膜横径は男性12.17±0.45mm，女性11.95±0.41mm，角膜曲率半径は男性7.77±0.28mm，女性7.64±0.27mm，前房深度は男性3.35±0.48mm，女性3.20±0.44mmで，いずれについても男性が有意に大きかった（p＜0.005）。いずれの項目についても，年齢との間に負の相関があった（p＜0.005）。結論：眼軸長，角膜横径，角膜曲率半径，前房深度は，いずれも男性で大きく，男女ともに高齢者ほど小さい。

Abstract.　Purpose：To report the shape of the eyeglobe as related to age and gender in adults. Object and Method：This study was made on 333 eyes of 333 healthy adults. The series comprised 161 males and 172 females. The age averaged 52.8±19.7 years in males and 54.7±18.4 years in females. An IOL Master^TM was used to measure axial length, horizontal diameter and curvature of the cornea, and the depth of anterior chamber. Results：The axial length averaged 23.80±1.44mm in males and 23.43±1.50mm in females. Corneal diameter averaged 12.17±0.45mm in males and 11.95±0.41mm in females. Corneal curvature averaged 7.77±0.28mm in males and 7.64±0.27mm in females. Each item was greater in males than females（p＜0.005）. Each item was negatively correlated with age（p＜0.005）. Conclusion：Axial length, corneal diameter and curvature, and depth of anterior chamber are greater in males than females. Each item decreases with advancing age.