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要旨 現代の腫瘍免疫学は,腫瘍抗原という標的分子を明らかにし,科学的基盤に支えられ飛躍的に進歩しつつある。樹状細胞は腫瘍免疫応答の中心的役割を果たす細胞であり,樹状細胞を応用した免疫療法は今後の発展が期待されている。今後,免疫療法は,既存の治療法による有効性の乏しい悪性神経膠腫に対する集学的治療法の中で重要な役割を担うことが考えられ,悪性神経膠腫に対して樹状細胞を応用した免疫療法はさらなる治療研究が推奨される。悪性神経膠腫に対するバイオセラピーという観点から,樹状細胞と腫瘍免疫学,樹状細胞療法の現況,樹状細胞療法の問題点,免疫療法の今後の展望などにつき概説した。
Abstract
Despite advances in radiation and chemotherapy along with surgical resectioning, the prognosis of patients with malignant glioma is poor. Among the new treatments currently being investigated for malignant glioma, immunotherapy is theoretically very attractive, since it offers the potential for high tumor-specific cytotoxicity. There are increasing reports demonstrating that systemic immunotherapy using dendritic cells is capable of inducing an antiglioma response. Therefore, dendritic cell-based immunotherapy could be a new treatment modality for patients with glioma. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy strategies appear promising as an approach to successfully induce an antitumor immune response and increase survival in patients with glioma. The development of methods for manipulating dendritic cells for the purpose of vaccination will enhance the clinical usefulness of these cells for biotherapy for malignant glioma.
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