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要旨 49例のくも膜下出血(SAH)患者の発症当日と7日目に,ナトリウム(Na)利尿ペプチドであるatrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)とbrain natriuretic peptide(BNP)の血中濃度を測定し,過分泌に関与する因子およびその濃度の経時的変化が,後の血清Na値の変動や症候性脳血管攣縮発現に与える影響について検討した。
SAH発症直後のANPは不変であったが,BNPは高値を示した。BNPはSAH重症例および前交通動脈瘤症例にて有意に高値を示しており,SAHによる視床下部への直接的影響が示唆された。BNPの分泌が持続していると考えられる群は,低Na血症を呈するものが多く,かつ症候性脳血管攣縮の発生頻度が高かった。このような症例に対して厳重な電解質管理が症候性脳血管攣縮の発生率を低下させることが示唆された。
Hyponatremia and hypovolemia following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) might be speculated by exaggerated secretion of natriuretic peptides and resulted ischemic sequela caused by cerebral vasospasm.We measured serum concentration of natriuretic peptides and inestigated their influence on post-SAH hyponatremia.
Among 49 patients of SAH, their plasma concentration of the natriuretic peptides(atrial natriuretic peptides : ANP and brain natriuretic peptide : BNP)were measured at the day of ictus and 7th day of SAH.The correlation between concentration of natriuretic peptides and location of aneurysm, severity of SAH, incidence of hyponatremia and symptomatic vasospasm were elucidated.
The plasma concentration of ANP did not alter on admission and 7th day post SAH, whereas that of BNP increased in the patients with moribund SAH and those with ruptured A-com aneurysm.The initial increase of BNP following SAH could be attributed to direct damage of SAH on the hypothalamus.Hyponatremia and symptomatic vasospasm tended to occur in the patients who had persistent increase of plasma BNP concentration during one week post SAH.Therapeutic intervention to maintain normonatremia by fluid-management decreased occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm, even though patients with increased plasma BNP concentration.
It might be concluded that increased secretion of BNP following SAH is caused by direct effect to the hypothalamus and prolonged hyper secretion of BNP resulted hyponatremia, hypovolemia and exaggerated symptomatic vasospasm.
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