極小/超低出生体重児の自閉症スペクトラム特性の傾向②—3歳児健診におけるPARS短縮版を用いた標準体重児群との比較

The Characteristics of ASD in ELBW and VLBW Infants Compared with Normal-Birth-Weight Infants: Using PARS-Short Version for 36-month-old children on the public health checkup

抄録　出生体重が1,500g未満のVLBW児およびELBW児の36か月時の自閉症スペクトラム特性について，PARS幼児期短縮版を用いて標準体重群(NBW群)や，VLBW/ELBW児とは別の確定診断をうけたASD群と幼児期評定の比較を行った。陽性児の割合はNBW群の8.58%に比べ，LBW群は53.9%と6.7倍高かった。項目分析から，言語発達や会話などコミュニケーション領域や遊びなど対人領域での苦手さが確認された。LBW群の他児への興味は，ASD群の幼児期の様子と同程度に低いものであった。またこだわり行動や遅延性エコラリアなど自閉症に特異的な行動の項目において，NBW群との差異はみられなかった。社会的発達に関して，行動観察などの評価手法や，幼児期の就園後に及ぶフォロー体制の必要性を考察した。

　We compared ELBW and VLBW infants with Normal-Birth-Weight infants and with ASD infants regarding the characteristics of ASD by using PARS-SV. The rate of positive children in LBW group was 53.9% and 6.7 times higher than NBW group which was 8.58%. In terms of item-comparison analysis, we found the significant difference for each score between LBW and NBW：verbal communication domain namely in “6. Delay in language development”, “7. Conversation”, and “11. Interests in other child” was as low as the level of ASD group. But then “3. Poniting” of LBW was catch-up as NBW, and significant difference were not found at “12. Repetation of same phrase” and other obsessive behavior domain. We discussed the necessity of follow up system and behavior observation method after 36-month-old concerning social development.