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Diagnostic Changes Over a 21-year Period (1986-2006) in the Out-of-hours Psychiatric Emergency Admissions in Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital: An analysis by focused on relevant changes in gender ratio and frequencies of suicidal and violent behaviors prior to admission Naoki HAYASHI 1,2,3,4 , Tomonari KOTOH 1 , Mihoko TAKAHAMA 1 , Atsushi IMAI 1 , Noriko SAKIKAWA 1 , Tatsuya OHSAWA 1 , Hidetoki ISHII 5 , Yuji OKAZAKI 1,2,6 1Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 2Project for Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science 3Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University 4Department of Psychogeriatrics, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry 5Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University 6Michinoo Hospital Keyword: Psychiatric emergency , Gender ratio , Personality disorder , Alcohol-use disorder , Temporal change pp.45-55
Published Date 2013/1/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1405102361
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Abstract

 Mental health is not fixed, and thus, diagnostic frequencies of psychiatric disorders change over time. Research into the diagnostic discrepancies that occur over long intervals could potentially increase our understanding of time-related factors involved in the manifestation of various psychiatric disorders. However, discerning these changes is not an easy task. The first obstacle is that clinical settings are likely to change during the course of a longitudinal study. The second obstacle is that any clinical diagnosis is not immediately reliable, and may be affected by time-related factors. To avoid the first obstacle in carrying out the study, the authors used the out-of-hours psychiatric emergency admission center in Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, which was managed by the Tokyo Governmental Office and had been maintained without major changes for over 30 years. Additionally, to resolve the issue of unreliable clinical diagnosis, probit regression analysis was carried out to examine the relevance of diagnostic frequency on gender-ratio and frequencies of suicidal and violent behaviors prior to admission in each of 6-month period within the study period. The clinical relevance uncovered has the potential to heighten our understanding of time-related factors involved in the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.

 In the present study, data on the clinical characteristics of 8,658 admitted patients (5,233 male and 3,425 female) were obtained over a 21 year period (1986-2006), including patient discharge ICD diagnoses. Logistic regression analyses revealed an increase in personality disorders (mainly emotionally unstable personality disorder, borderline type), depressive disorders, the number of female patients, and frequency of suicidal and violent behaviors prior to admission, and a decrease in alcohol use disorders. The probit regression analysis highlighted the following:relevance of personality disorders and alcohol use disorders on gender-ratio, relevance of depressive disorders and personality disorders on suicidal behavior, and relevance of alcohol use disorders and personality disorders on violent behavior. Thus, the findings of this study reveal with greater certainty that the diagnostic frequency of certain psychiatric disorders had changed over the time period.


Copyright © 2013, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-126X 印刷版ISSN 0488-1281 医学書院

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