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完全房室ブロックにおける弁逆流の頻度,特異性,および弁逆流に及ぼす心房収縮の影響をドプラー断層法を用いて検討した。対象はVVIモードの永久ペースメーカの植え込みをした完全房室ブロック30例(平均年齢69.7歳〉である。
①完全房室ブロックにおける弁逆流の頻度:2弁以上の逆流を示す多弁逆流が25例(83.3%)と多く、4弁逆流が9例(30.0%),3弁逆流が7例(23.3%),2弁逆流が9例(30.0%)であった。房室弁の逆流の頻度は三尖弁逆流を100%に,僧帽弁逆流を76.7%に観察した。②半月弁逆流の特徴:肺動脈弁逆流を17例(56.7%)に検出した。その特徴は心房収縮が出現するとその逆流を遮断していることである。一方大動脈弁逆流(AR)を10例(33%)に検出した。③房室弁逆流の特徴:三尖弁逆流(TR)は全例に検出された。拡張期の房室弁逆流は収縮期に弁逆流を有する全例に検出が可能であった。
We studied valvular regurgitation (pulmonary, aortic, tricuspid and mitral regurgitation) in 30 patients with complete heart block by color Doppler echocardiography, pulse Doppler and continuous wave Doppler echocardiography. The prevalence rate of multivalvular regurgitation of these subjects was 83.3%. Regurgitation involving all four valves appeared in 30.0% of these patients. The prevalence rate of pulmonary, aortic, tricuspid and mitral regu-rgitation was 56.7%, 33.3%, 100%, and 76.7% respectively.
Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) was observed in patients with complete heart block without pulmo-nary hypertension. PR velocity was slow and in-terrupted by atrial contraction. It might be possible to evaluate atrial pressure from the interruption of PR. Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) during systole was often present in patients with right ventricular endocardial pacing. Systolic TR was influenced by atrial contraction. When atrial contraction occurred during systole, TR was interrupted, or shortened. Diastolic TR and MR were easily detected by M mode color Doppler echocardiography. The diastolic TR and MR were of slow velocity and appeared 240~290 msec after P wave. These atypical valvular regurgitation in patients with complete heart block reflect of the inverse atrial-ventricular pressure gradient across the atrio-ventricular valve.
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