小腸X線検査法の変革と現況

The History and Present Status of X-ray Examinations of the Small Intestine

　低迷を続けていたわが国の小腸X線検査も近年急速に進歩し，診断学は大いに向上している．そのきっかけとなったのは，二重造影法の導入であり，これまで主に行われてきた充満像による間接的な診断法に代わって，直接微細病変を描写できるようになった．今日，わが国ではこの二重造影法を中心に検査体系ができつつある．

　今日のわが国における小腸X線検査の進歩は決して偶然的なものではない．欧米における長い間の小腸に関する基礎的な研究や，わが国で独自に行われ，積み重ねられてきたきめ細かい消化管X線診断の研究の手法が，その土台になっている．また普及には，それなりの歴史的および時代的背景も考えなければならないだろう．

　The changes of x-ray examinations of the small intestine in Europe and America and in Iapan were described and problems to be settled in relation to x-ray examinations of the small intestine were pointed out.

　1. In Europe and America x-ray examinations of the small intestine were for the anatophysiological study and for clinical purpose used mainly for the detection of the functional disorders.

　2. The motor meal method was a main means of x-ray examinations of the small intestine, frequent and various improvements for which have so far been reported. The method, however, has been adopted by some researchers at one time and not generally been made use of.

　3. In Japan, unlike in Europe and America, the motor meal method has come to generally be adopted mainly for the detection of organic lesions.

　4. Since 1974 double contrast method of the small intestine has been capable of demonstrating even small lesions clearly, which has brought about remarkable progress in accuracy in detecting lesions of the small intestine.

　5. In Japan today x-ray diagnostic methods of the lesions in the small intestine has been systematized with the double contrast method being widely used.