幼少期に保護者からチャイルド・マルトリートメントを受けた経験と精神疾患を抱えて生きる人々のライフストーリー

Life Stories of Individuals Living With Mental Illness and Experiencing Child Maltreatment From Caregivers During Childhood

要旨

　目的：本研究の目的は，幼少期に保護者から虐待を受け，成人期に精神疾患とともに生きる当事者が，自身のライフストーリーをどのように語り再解釈しているかを解明することである．

　方法：対話的構築主義を基盤としたライフストーリー研究を用い，3名に非構造的インタビューを3回行い，逐語録を「ストーリー領域（story realms）」と「物語世界（tale worlds）」の2つの位相に着目して分析した．

　結果：否定的体験の中でも肯定的要素を見いだしながら自己理解を深める過程が示され，再解釈による回復と成長の可能性が確認された．チャイルド・マルトリートメント経験と精神疾患をめぐる語りは一面的に捉えきれない複合的な意味づけを含んでいた．

　結論：当事者は過去のトラウマを病理のみで見るのではなく，多面的な語り直しを通じて新たな意味を再構築していた．包括的アプローチに基づく支援の必要性が示唆される．

　Objective: This study aimed to explore how adults with mental illness who experienced child maltreatment from caregivers in childhood narrate and reinterpret their life stories.

　Methods: Guided by a dialogic constructionist approach, we conducted a life story study with three female participants. Each participant underwent three sessions of non-structured, in-depth interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis proceeded in two phases: (1) examining "tale worlds" to identify narrative content and themes, and (2) focusing on "story realms" to investigate how interviewer-interviewee interactions shaped the storytelling process. The research received ethical approval from the university's Ethics Committee (Approval No. 2023N-024), and informed consent was obtained from all participants.

　Results: Although participants described various traumatic childhood experiences and ongoing struggles with mental illness, they also identified subtle positive elements that contributed to their current sense of self and relationships. These findings revealed a complex interplay between negative past events and newly discovered meanings, indicating potential pathways for resilience and growth.

　Conclusion: The study highlights the value of narrative-based support that respects the multifaceted contexts of survivors rather than focusing solely on pathology. Recognizing both adversity and positive aspects within their life stories may enhance clinical and community interventions for individuals seeking to make sense of their past experiences and move toward recovery.