看護小規模多機能型居宅介護に従事する看護師の看護実践自己評価尺度の開発と妥当性の検討

Development and Validity Check of a Self-Assessment Scale of Practical Nursing Skills for Nurses Engaged in Small-Scale Multifunctional In-Home Nursing Care

要旨

　目的：看護小規模多機能型居宅介護サービス（看多機）は，通所，訪問，宿泊サービスを組み合わせた新しいサービスである．本研究の目的は看多機に従事する看護師に求められるコンピテンシーに基づいた看護実践自己評価尺度の開発と妥当性の検証にある．

　方法：2021年6月末時点で開設されていた看多機729施設に所属する看護師を対象として，評価指標案を用いた質問紙調査を実施し，因子構造の決定と尺度の内的一貫性，妥当性を評価した．

　結果：949枚のアンケートを配布し，865枚を回収した．欠損値がない649枚を分析し，9因子59項目で構成される尺度を開発した．各因子のクロンバックα係数は全て0.9以上であり，全ての因子における経験年数3年以上の得点は，有意に3年目未満の得点を上回っていた．

　結論：開発した尺度は十分な妥当性を備えており，今後は看多機で提供されているケアを評価することへの活用が期待される．

　Purpose: Small-scale multifunctional in-home nursing care, called Kantaki, is a new service that combines day care, home-visit nursing, and short-stay services. This study developed a selfassessment scale for practical nursing skills required by nurses engaged in Kantaki and examined its validity.

　Methods: Using the developed assessment instrument, a questionnaire survey was conducted with registered nurses from 729 Kantaki facilities that were open by the end of June 2021. The scale's factor structure was determined, and the internal consistency, content validity, construct validity, and criterion validity were evaluated.

　Results: From the 949 distributed questionnaires, 865 responses were received. Of these, 649 questionnaires with responses to all items were analyzed. Subsequently, a scale comprising 59 items and nine factors was developed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was greater than 0.9 for each factor. Content and construct validities were sufficient, and the factor points of each factor for participants with more than three years of clinical experience were significantly higher than for those with less than three years of clinical experience.

　Conclusion: The developed scale had adequate validity, and can be used to evaluate care provided by nurses in Kantaki.