妊娠末期における妊婦の自己管理測定尺度の信頼性・妥当性の検討

Study of the Reliability and Validity of a Self-management Scale for Women in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

要旨

　〔目的〕本研究は、妊婦の妊娠末期の自己管理度を測定するための尺度作成とその信頼性・妥当性を明らかにすることを目的とする。

　〔方法〕尺度を作成するために、妊婦の自己管理を構成する6つの概念からなる枠組みを行い、各概念を測定するための質問項目を各々7項目ずつ作成した。対象は妊娠末期の妊娠8ヶ月以降から妊娠10ヶ月までの妊婦484名とし、背景として年齢、初産婦か経産婦の別等を調査した。

　〔結果〕調査の回収率は56.8％であった。因子分析の結果、固有値1以上、因子負荷量0.4以上を項目決定の基準とすると6因子21項目が抽出された。累積寄与率は65.97％であった。各因子の項目の質から、「妊娠末期の栄養管理」、「分娩・育児関連の準備」、「妊娠末期の清潔行為と衣類の調整」、「妊娠末期の異常の早期発見」、「妊娠末期の胎児保護行為」、「妊娠末期の異常発生の予防」と命名した。基準関連妥当性は予防的保健行動尺度測定のデータとの間でピアソンの積率相関係数を算出し確認するとr=0.619でかなりの相関があった。また、クロンバックの信頼性係数αを算出すると、21項目においてα=0.8985で高い信頼性がみられた。

　〔結論〕本尺度は、構成概念妥当性、信頼性のある尺度と判断する。

Abstract

　Purpose：We aimed to create a scale that can measure self-management in women in the third trimester of pregnancy and elucidate its reliability and validity.

　Methods：The scale was created by compiling 6 concepts of self-management in pregnant women into a framework and evaluate the concepts by assigning 7 questionnaire items to each concept. Subjects included 484 women in the third trimester of pregnancy(from 8 to 10 months). Evaluated patient characteristics included age and parity.

　Results：The survey response rate was 56.8%. Factor analysis resulted in the extraction of 6 factors and 21 items determined by an eigenvalue of greater than 1 and factor loading of greater than 0.4. The cumulative concentration ratio was 65.97%. The following factors were based on the nature of each item: "nutrition management during the third trimester of pregnancy," "preparation related to childbirth," "personal hygiene and adjustment of clothing during the third trimester of pregnancy," "early detection of abnormalities during the third trimester of pregnancy," "fetal protection during the third trimester of pregnancy," and "prevention of abnormalities during the third trimester of pregnancy." Criterionrelated validity was confirmed by calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient between data measured by the preventive health behavior scale，and r=0.619 indicated a significant correlation. Furthermore，on calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability，α=0.8985 was considered highly reliable.

　Conclusion：This scale was considered to have reliability and construct validity.