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Pediatric Hemispheric Glioma Yoshiko NAKANO 1 , Koichi ICHIMURA 2 , Hiroaki SAKAMOTO 3,4 1Department of Pediatrics, the University of Tokyo Hospital 2Department of Brain Disease Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University 3Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka City University 4Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Osaka City General Hospital Keyword: 小児hemispheric glioma , 遺伝子変異 , 分子標的治療 , pediatric hemispheric glioma , genetic alternation , molecular-targeted therapy pp.122-131
Published Date 2022/1/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1436204537

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  • Abstract
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 About one-third of pediatric low-grade glioma and a half of pediatric high-grade glioma occur in the cerebrum. Pediatric hemispheric glioma may harbor diagnostic and therapeutically targetable genetic abnormalities, including BRAF V600E, H3.3 G34R/V, FGFR1 alternation, MYB or MYBL1 alternation, and NTRK/ALK/ROS1/MET fusion. In addition, the efficacy of molecular-targeted agents, such as BRAF inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, and NTRK inhibitors, against pediatric glioma with the relevant mutations has been demonstrated in several clinical trials. Furthermore, checkpoint inhibitors are considered a choice of treatment for hypermutated glioma, which is typically observed in patients with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome. Cancer gene panel testing, approved for insurance coverage in Japan in 2019, has been beneficial to pediatric cancer patients. However, to promote the clinical application of the recent molecular understanding of pediatric neuro-oncology, some issues have to be addressed. Herein, we review the genetic profiles of pediatric hemispheric glioma and introduce the current medical situation of precision medicine for pediatric patients with glioma in Japan.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1251 印刷版ISSN 0301-2603 医学書院

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