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POSTOPERATIVE FACIAL AND VESTIBULAR NERVE PALSY : EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ITS PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS Tetsuji Sekiya 1 , Shinichi Okabe 1 , Toru Hatayama 1 , Takashi Iwabuchi 1 , Masahiro Takiguchi 2 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Hirosaki University School of Medicine 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine Keyword: cerebellopontine angle , facial nerve , vestibular nerve , avulsion injury , nerve injury pp.113-119
Published Date 1990/2/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1406900012

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  • Abstract
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The 7th and 8th cranial nerves were shifted in the cerebellopontine (CP) angle of dogs by cerebel-lar retractions that were similar to those perform-ed in humans with monitoring of auditory evoked brainstem responses (ABR). Postoperatively, the vestibular, facial nerves, and brainstem were his-tologically examined.

Cuadal-to-rostral shifts of the nerves could in-duce vestibular and/or facial nerve damages. The most vulnerable portion of the vestibular nerve was located between the vestibular ganglions andthe area vestibularis-the most lateral end of the internal auditory canal. This indicated that due to traction force derived from surgical interven-tions, the nerves and vessels were avulsed at the fundus of the internal auditory canal. The vesti-bular nerve may be potentially injured more easily and frequently than the cochlear and facial nerves in retromastoid craniectomies with lateral decu-bitus position in humans.

Direct injuries of the facial nerves in the CP angles were not observed in this study. It was elucidated that the facial nerve was usually in-jured in the facial canal proximal to the geniculate ganglion due to traction force derived from mani-pulations in the CP angle. It is likely that as facial nerve edema progresses postoperatively, the facial nerve is gradually compressed within the narrow labyrinthine portion of the facial canal. This may be the cause of delayed postoperative facial nerve palsy.

The importance to recognize how not only coch-lear but also vestibular and facial nerve are in-jured by the usual manipulations in the CP angle is stressed.


Copyright © 1990, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 2185-405X 印刷版ISSN 0006-8969 医学書院

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