ボクサーの脳波—一般頭部外傷例との比較

EEG ON BOXERS:COMPARISON WITH THOSE IN GENERAL HEAD INJURIES

I．まえがき

　ボクシングにおける脳外傷は，一般脳外傷のような強烈な外力はないにしても，1試合のうちに反復，連続して打撃を受け，それが試合ごとに繰返されるという点，またプロボクサーのなかには，いわゆる"Punchdrunke—nnes""Dementia pugilistica"と呼ばれる非可逆性，進行性のencephalopathiaにおちいるものがあることから，ボクシングによる外傷は脳外傷のなかでも特殊型としてあつかわれている。欧米では，かかるボクシング外傷に対して，つとに医学的関心がはらわれ，ボクサーに関する多くの研究が報告されてきている。

　ボクサーの脳波についても，すでにSjaardema^28），Busse　＆　Silverman，^6），　Kaplan　＆　Browder^19），　Berglei—ter　＆　Jokl^4），　Pumpus^27），　Blonstein　＆　Clark^5），　Critchley^8）らによる発表があり，プロボクサーにはかなりの頻度に異常脳波があると報告しているものが多い。しかし，試合前後を通じての脳波変化の記載はBergleiterら，Kaplanらによる報告はあるが比較的少なく，一般頭部外傷における脳波と比校検討した研究はみられないように思われる。著者らは，すでにボクサーの脳波について報告を行なつたが，試合前後に記録したものを選び，試合後1ヵ月までにおける変化を例数を追加して検討し，また，一般頭部外傷300例の脳波をボクサーの脳波と同じ基準で分類し，両者を比較検討してみた。

The EEG recorded before and after the matches in a month on the 78 cases of the professional box-ers and the 10 cases of amatuer boxers, which were compared with those of the 300 cases in the general head injuries.

The EEG findings after the matches were as follows. 1) The decreasing in the amplitude of alpha waves. 2) The decreasing in the component of alpha waves. 3) The 'appearance of the slow waves. 4) The group, they were recognized slow waves before the matches, showed the increasing in the amplitude and component of the slow waves, and the tendency to more slow activity.

On the EEG findings, which were recorded on the next day after the matches, slow waves were recognized on 41% of the 53 cases in professional and 20% of the 10 cases in amatuer. Many cases of them showed 6~7 c/sec theta waves. Abnormal EEG of c/sec theta waves and 3 c/sec delta waves were found in some of the professional box-ers. The half cases, which were recognized slow waves after the matches, diminished slow waves within a month, but the other remainded slow waves after a month.

In comarison the EEG findings on the professional boxers with those in the general head injuries, the EEG findings in the boxing injuries were ranked between commotic cerebri and contusio cerebri in the general head injuries on the basis of the ap-pearance and improvement of slow wave. In the boxers, the slow wave activity was found on the half antirior skull in many cases. Those findings were not only polymorphous slow waves but bursts of sinusoidal slow waves in some of them. There was no signficant difference in the aspects of low voltage, flat and diffuse alpha monorhythmic patterns and spike discharge in the both injured groups.