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A Case of Neurosyphilis with Clinical Features Similar to Early-stage Alzheimer's Disease Shiho MATSUZAKI 1 , Mamoru HASHIMOTO 2 , Tokusuke ODA 3 , Manabu IKEDA 2,4 1Department of Psychiatry and Neuropathobiology, Graduate School of Medical Studies, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan 2Department of Psychiatry and Neuropathobiology, Kumamoto University Hospital 3Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center 4Department of Psychiatry and Neuropathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Keyword: Neurosyphilis , Dementia , Alzheimer's disease , Differential diagnosis pp.899-905
Published Date 2012/9/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1405102265

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 A 44-year-old right-handed man presented with slowly progressive amnesia that had lasted for a year.

 A physical examination revealed recent memory disturbance and word-finding difficulty. There were no neurological symptoms and behavioral changes. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild cortical atrophy with bilateral hippocampal atrophy, and single-photon emission computed tomography revealed hypoperfusion in both frontal lobes and temporal lobes, predominantly on the left side. He was diagnosed as having mild Alzheimer's disease on the basis of the clinical symptoms and the neuroimaging findings. For 6 months after the first consultation, his cognitive function deteriorated rapidly deteriorated and he showed severe behavioral disturbances. On the basis of a cerebrospinal fluid examination, he was re-diagnosed as having neurosyphilis. High-dose penicillin treatment improved both his behavioral disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. The findings in the present case suggest that syphilis screeing should be an essential part of the medical examination of patients showing even mild dementia.


Copyright © 2012, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-126X 印刷版ISSN 0488-1281 医学書院

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