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Pathology of anorectal neoplasms and tumor-like lesions Hiroshi Kawachi 1,2,3 1Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan Keyword: rectum , anus , neoplasm , tumor-like condition , pathology pp.1361-1372
Published Date 2025/11/25
DOI https://doi.org/10.24479/endo.0000002297
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 This review provides an overview of the pathology of neoplastic and tumor-like lesions arising in the anorectal region. In addition to conventional colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas originating from the rectal mucosa, tumors may also develop from the transitional zone mucosa or squamous epithelium. Therefore, a precise understanding of the anatomical structure and histological features of this region is essential. It is also important to recognize phenomena specific to this area, such as the characteristic “skirt-like” spreading pattern seen even in conventional adenomas, and the extension of adenocarcinoma into the squamous epithelium, where it may present with features resembling or identical to extramammary Paget disease. Furthermore, thorough knowledge and vigilance are required regarding the risk of tumor development in non-neoplastic conditions such as fistulas and infections, as well as in distinguishing tumor-like lesions--such as those seen in mucosal prolapse syndrome--from true neoplastic lesions, including familiarity with potential diagnostic pitfalls in pathology. Because the anorectal region often poses diagnostic challenges both endoscopically and histopathologically, close communication and sharing of information between clinicians and pathologists are of paramount importance.


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電子版ISSN 印刷版ISSN 0915-3217 東京医学社

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