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Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in connective tissue disease:CT clues with a focus on airway abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis Taiki Kawai 1,2 1Respiratory Disease Center Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association Keyword: 非結核性抗酸菌症 , 関節リウマチ , 気管支拡張症 pp.277-288
Published Date 2026/3/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.18888/rp.0000003083
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Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease(NTM-PD)is increasingly recognized worldwide. In Japan, Mycobacterium avium complex predominates accounts for more than 90%, whereas M. abscessus species is becoming more common. On CT, NTM-PD typically manifests as either nodular-bronchiectatic(NB)or fibrocavitary(FC)patterns. Connective tissue diseases-particularly rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and Sjögren’s syndrome―frequently exhibit airway―centered abnormalities that can obscure or mimic the radiologic fetures of NTM-PD. Longitudinal assessment with serial CT scan is crucial. Newly appearing tree-in-bud or centrilobular nodules at the tips of dilated bronchi, progression of bronchiectasis, and development of thick-walled cavities should rise suspicion for superimposed NTM infection. Microbiologic confirmation remain essential, and treatment should be tailored to the causative species and disease severity, with careful consideration of drug interactions in patients with RA. Emerging clinical tools such as BACES and BCD scores, together with amikacin liposome inhalation for refractory MAC-PD, support a more individualized, imaging-informed management strategy. This review highlights CT clues to NTM-PD in connective tissue disease, with a particular focus on airway abnormalities in RA.


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電子版ISSN 印刷版ISSN 0009-9252 金原出版

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