妊孕力の低下年齢の認識と妊娠決定尺度との関連

Relationship between women's knowledge on the fertility-potential declining age and a pregnancy decision scale

目的

　本研究は、妊孕力の低下年齢の認識と、妊娠を決定する際の考慮理由から求めた妊娠決定尺度との関連について明らかにすることを目的としている。

対象と方法

　2007年7月から9月に妊婦健康診査を受けた初産婦175名を対象に、自記式の調査票を用いた郵送調査を実施した。妊娠を決定する際の考慮理由に対して、探索的に主因子法・プロマックス回転による因子分析を行い、「妊娠決定尺度」を作成し、尺度構成法で解析を行った。

結果

　対象者の平均年齢は30.0歳、就業者の割合は50.3％であった。妊孕力の低下年齢の正解率は53.7％で、40歳以降と回答しているものは25.1％であった。妊娠決定尺度として＜条件・環境＞＜社会的価値＞＜自己的価値＞＜家族観＞＜世代継承＞の5つの下位尺度が抽出された。妊孕力の低下年齢の知識の有無と妊娠決定尺度との間には統計的な関連は認められなかった。

結論

　初産婦は、妊孕力の低下年齢について正しく認識しておらず、妊孕力の低下年齢に関する知識は、妊娠・出産の決定に反映されていないことが明らかとなった。妊娠決定尺度の下位尺度得点で最も高かったのは＜自己的価値＞で、初産婦は妊娠・出産・育児の実現や、子どもそのものの存在に対して精神的に高い価値を持っていることが明らかとなった。また、下位尺度間の相関には、就労が影響していることが示唆された。

Purpose

To elucidate the relationship between women's knowledge on age at which women's fertility-potential starts to decline and the pregnancy decision scale extracted from analysis of factors referred to by the women upon their decision on pregnancy.

Method

Using a self-completed questionnaire sent by post, a survey was conducted on 175 primiparas getting gynecological checkup during July to September 2007. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted by using a principal factor method/promax rotation on the factors referred to by the women upon their decision on pregnancy, and a pregnancy decision scale (PDS) was set up. Then, statistical analyses were conducted by a scaling technique.

Results

The mean age of the subjects was 30.0 years and the percentage of women in jobs was 50.3%. The question about the fertility-potential declining age was correctly answered only by 53.7% of women and, among them, 54.2% supposed the final child-bearing age is 35-45 years. As PDS, 5 lower criteria were extracted; i.e. "Condition/circumstances", "Social value", "One's own value", "Family view" and "Generation succession". No statistical correlation was observed between the knowledge on the pregnancy-potential declining age and PDS.

Conclusion

Revealed was that primiparas' correct knowledge on the fertility-potential declining age is less and the knowledge is not referred to for their decision on pregnancy/childbirth. Among the 5 lower criteria of PDS, the highest score was gained by "One's own value", thus, primiparas were found to have a spiritually high value about attainment of pregnancy, childbirth and child-rearing as well as baby's existence itself. Also suggested was that correlation among the 5 lower criteria is influenced by whether they have a job or not.