入院治療を受ける認知症高齢者家族への看護師のかかわり—医学中央雑誌をデータベースとした文献検討

Nursing for Families of Elderly Inpatients with Dementia in Japan: A Literature Review

抄録

　入院治療を受ける認知症高齢者の家族へのかかわりに着目しその内容を明らかにすることを目的として，医中誌Webを用いて2006〜2018年の文献検討を行った．結果，19の文献から86のコード，21のサブカテゴリー，【家族への日常的な気遣い】【心身の負担軽減に向けたかかわり】【患者と家族のつながりを支える】【患者へのケアにおける家族との協働】【多職種との橋渡し】【ニーズに合わせた退院支援】という6のカテゴリーが生成された．在院日数短縮化が進むなかで，入院中にかかわる看護師は，家族の在宅での介護も考慮したかかわりを行っていることがうかがわれた．さらに認知症高齢者家族への看護は在宅支援のみではなく，入院中にタイムリーに家族とかかわるべき支援内容も多いことが明らかになった．

　This study aims to understand the focus of nursing support provided to families of elderly inpatients with dementia. For this purpose, a review of literature published between 2006 and 2018 was conducted using the Ichushi-Web. Based on a review of 19 papers, 86 codes, 21 sub-categories, and 6 categories were created. The six categories were “Daily consideration for the families,” “Improving relationships to reduce physical and mental burdens,” “Supporting the relationship between patients and their families,” “Collaboration in patient care with families,” “Collaboration with other occupations,” and “Hospital discharge support.” The findings showed that while the length of stay in the hospital was shortened, nurses at the hospital focused on providing home care support for the families of the patients and many nursing studies with a home-based perspective were extracted. Additionally, the results suggested that nurses conducted not only support for homecare, but also considerable support for the families engaged in care.