家族への遠隔看護に関する文献検討

Literature Review on Telenursing to Families

要旨

　目的：本研究では，家族への遠隔看護について文献検討より明らかにし，家族へ遠隔による看護を用いた看護実践への示唆を得ることを目的とする．

　方法：医学中央雑誌，PubMed，CINAHL，MEDLINEを用いて2023年12月時点までに登録されている文献を対象に検索し，検討した．

　結果：21件の文献を採用した．家族への遠隔看護は［自宅でのインターネット環境の整備と活用に向けた支援］［音声・写真・動画を用いた患者の疾患・介護・ケアに関する家族への知識・情報提供に関する支援］［自宅での患者の介護・ケアに関する家族の困りごとの解決に向けたタイムリーで継続的な支援］を含む7つが抽出され，効果として家族の介護負担感等の減少が報告され，対面での介入と同様の効果が報告されていた．

　結論：家族への遠隔看護は，自宅で継続した支援を必要とする患者家族への有用な介入方法であり，今後，更に具体的な看護手法の開発が望まれる．

　Objective: This study aims to gain insights into telenursing practices that target families by conducting a literature review, as well as to understand the impact of such nursing practices.

　Method: A comprehensive search was conducted on databases, such as the Ichushi, PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, for articles published up until June 2023.

　Results: In total, 21 articles were selected, of which, seven focused on nursing interventions for entire households. These interventions included providing for setting up and utilizing the internet environment at home, providing knowledge and information to family members about the patient's illness, offering nursing support and care through the use of audio, photos, videos, and case studies, and providing timely and continuous support to address family concerns related to nursing support and care at home. The findings revealed that such support reduced the family's sense of burden regarding nursing care and produced similar effects to face-to-face interventions.

　Conclusion: The study concludes that telenursing targeted at entire households is a valuable intervention method for family members of patients requiring continuous support at home. Future research should focus on developing and implementing more specific nursing methods to enhance the efficiency of patient care.