看護婦のがん性疼痛緩和ケア行動に影響する要因と要因間の関連

Factors that Influence Nurses' Act to Help Relieving Cancer Pain

要旨

　本研究の目的は，がん性疼痛緩和ケア行動意図（行動意図）に影響する要因，行動意図とがん性疼痛緩和ケア行動との関連，がん性疼痛緩和ケア行動に影響する要因を明らかにし，さらに要因間の関連を検討することである．データ収集は参加観察，面接，自己記入法を用いて，がん専門病院と大学病院に勤務し，がん性疼痛患者をケアした経験が半年以上ある看護婦40名を対象に行った．その結果，次のことが明らかとなった．

　1．行動意図は「痛みは取れるもの」「鎮痛薬は使うべき」という価値・信念と関連していた．

　2．「痛みは取れるもの」「鎮痛薬は使うべき」という価値・信念は，「実践的知識」と関連があった．

　3．行動意図は「綿密な情報収集」と関連していた．

　4．「綿密な情報収集」には，ケアすることへの「好意的な感情」や「期待」が関係していた．

　5．「好意的な感情」や「期待」には，「行動意図」「信念」「知識・技術」が関係していた．

　6．「綿密な情報収集」は看護婦の人間の見方，看護の役割，看護過程を高め，看護婦の行動を支えていた．

Abstract

　The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence nurses' intention to care for relieving cancer pain(intention to perform behavior), a relation between the intention to perform behavior and caring for relieving cancer pain, and factor that influence caring for relieving cancer pain, and to discuss relations among these factors. The data was collected, using participant observation, interview and self-report, from 40 nurses working in a cancer center and an university hospital who had more than half year of exerience in caring for patients suffering from cancer pain. The result showed as follow;

　1. Nurses' intention to perform behavior was related to nurses' sense of values, or belief that "cancer pain can be relieved" and that "pain-relieving medicine should be used".

　2. The sense of values, or belief that "cancer pain can be relieved" and that "pain-relieving medicine should be used" was related to their "practical knowledge".

　3. The intention to perform behavior was related to "meticulous data collection" from their patients.

　4. The "meticulous data collection" was related to their "favorable feelings" about or "expectation" of providing care.

　5. The "favorable feelings" or "expectation" was related to their intention to perform behavior, and "knowledge-skill".

　6. It seemed that the "meticulous data collection" helped to enhance nurses' view for human being, a role of nusing and nursing process, which enabled them to shape their intention to perform behavior.