婦人科がん患者が必要とした情報の治療時期での差異と影響要因—婦人科がん患者会会員を対象として

Differences in the Information Needed by Patients with Gynaecological Cancer in Different Phases of Treatment and Influencing Factors: A Study of the Members of an Association of Gynaecological Cancer Patients

要　旨

　目的：婦人科がんと診断され治療を受ける患者の情報支援における示唆を得るために，婦人科がん患者が必要とした情報の治療時期での違いと影響要因を明らかにする．

　方法：A婦人科がん患者会に所属する婦人科がん患者に，郵送無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施した．調査項目は先行研究から21項目とした．婦人科がん患者が必要とした情報の診断時，治療中，治療後の治療時期での違いと影響要因について統計学的に分析をした．

　結果・考察：調査票は209名に発送，回収数115件（55.0％），有効回答数111件（96.5％）であった．婦人科がん患者が必要とした情報21項目中，｢精神面への支援｣を除く20項目で治療時期での違いがあった．婦人科がん患者は，診断時は治療法や経済面に関する情報を，治療中は治療による合併症や副作用に関する情報を，治療後はセルフケアや再発に関する情報を必要としていた．｢精神面への支援」は治療時期を通して9割が必要とし，診断時からの継続的な支援の必要があると考えられた．また，若年齢患者は，すべての治療時期でセクシュアリティに関する情報を必要とし，さらに挙児希望のあった若年齢患者では「診断時」に特に必要としていた．そのため，婦人科がん患者の年齢，挙児希望の有無を考慮した情報支援の必要がある．

　結論：1. 婦人科がん患者が必要とした情報は，治療時期で違いがあった．

　2. セクシュアリティに関する情報の必要度は，婦人科がん患者の診断時年齢で差がみられた．

　Objectives: To clarify factors that affect differences in the information needed by patients with gynaecological cancer during different phases of treatment in order to obtain suggestions regarding information support for patients who have been diagnosed with a gynaecological cancer and are receiving treatment.

　Methods: An anonymous postal questionnaire survey was carried out among patients with gynaecological cancer who belonged to the A association of cancer patients. The questionnaire covered 21 items based on previous research. Differences in the information needed by patients with gynaecological cancer at the time of diagnosis and during and after treatment, and the influencing factors, were statistically analysed.

　Results and Discussion: The questionnaire was sent to 209 women; 115 replied (55.0%), of which 111 replies (96.5%) were usable. Among the 21 items of information needed by patients with gynaecological cancer, 20 differed in need depending on the phase of treatment, with the exception being ‘psychological support'. At the time of diagnosis, patients with gynaecological cancer especially need information relating to treatment of the disease and economic aspects; during treatment, they especially need information relating to complications and adverse reactions due to treatment; and after treatment, they especially need information relating to self-care and recurrence. Ninety percent need ‘psychological support' through the entire treatment period, indicating that support is needed continuously from the time of diagnosis onward. In addition, young patients need sexual information during all phases of treatment, moreover, young patients who desire to have children especially need it at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to provide information considering the age of patients with gynaecological cancer and whether they desire to have children.

　Conclusions: 1. The information needed by patients with gynaecological cancer differs depending on the phase of treatment.

　2. The need for sexual information differs depending on the age of patients with gynaecological cancer at diagnosis.