入院に伴う子どもの体験—思春期・青年期にある人の振り返り

Hospitalization Experiences of Children: Narratives of Adolescents and Young Adults

要旨

　目的：入院に関連して子どもが体験していたことを当事者の語りから明らかにし，子どもの思いに寄り添い，心身の健やかな成長発達につながる看護への示唆を得る．

　方法：過去5年以内に入院経験のある13〜23歳の10名を研究対象者とし，半構造化面接で得たデータを質的に分析した．

　結果：【自分に起きていることを身体で実感する】【周りの様子を伺うことで自分の気持ちや行動が左右される】【自分の中で考えて何とかしていく】【医療者と自分との間にずれを感じる】【そうしなければいけない状況の中で何も思わなくなる】【周りの人とのつながりを感じられる関係が心地よい】【これまでの経験で不安や痛みが変わっていく】等の13カテゴリーが抽出された．

　結論：入院により子どもは主体や自己の育ちが損なわれる可能性があるため，子どもの日々の感覚や意思を感じ取りながら，子どもが主体でいられる体験を重ねていくことが重要である．

　Purpose: This study aimed to understand children's experiences of hospitalization. The narratives of adolescents hospitalized during childhood were included to obtain their suggestions for healthy nursing and ensure the growth and development of children's minds and bodies by considering their requirements.

　Method: A total of 10 participants aged 13-23 years who had been hospitalized within the past 5 years (2015-2019) were included in the study. Data obtained from their semi-structured interviews were analyzed qualitatively.

　Results: In total, 13 categories were determined: [Realizing what is happening to me through my body], [My feelings and actions are influenced by my own concern regarding my surroundings], [Thinking and acting by myself], [I feel a difference between the thoughts and ideas of the medical staff and my own], [I will not consider doing what I need to do], [I feel comfortable regarding my connection with the people around me], [My feelings of anxiety and pain are influenced by my previous experiences] and others.

　Conclusion: As hospitalization can impair children's development of subjectivity and self, it is important to determine their sensations and intentions, and to accumulate experiences wherein they feel comfortable with their own initiative.