未就学児を養育中の親のうつ症状に対するコペアレンティングと夫婦の愛情関係の影響

Influence of Marital and Coparenting Relationships on Depressive Symptoms in Parents Raising a Preschool Child

要旨

　目的：子どもの成長に伴う負担などが変化する2〜4歳児の育児期において，親のうつ症状に2つの夫婦関係（愛情関係とコペアレンティング関係）を含む要因がどのように影響するかを明らかにする．

　方法：本研究は観察研究で，2〜4歳児を養育中の男性136名，女性121名と対象とした．従属変数のうつ症状をCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale（CES-D），独立変数の夫婦関係を夫婦関係満足度尺度（QMI）とコペアレンティング関係尺度（CRS）で評価し，重回帰分析を行った．

　結果：男性のCES-DにはCRS（β＝-.454，p＜.001），女性のCES-DにはCRS（β＝-.329，p＝.002）とQMI（β＝-.255，p＝.015）が関連した．

　結論：2〜4歳の児を養育中の男女に共通して，よりよいコペアレンティング得点は低いうつ症状得点に関連することが明らかになった．

　Objective: To clarify which factors including couple relationship (marital and coparenting relationship) affect depressive symptoms in parents who are caring for their preschooler aged 2 to 4 years when childcare-related burdens are changing as the child grows.

　Methods: This observational study included 136 men and 121 women who were taking care of their child aged 2 to 4 years. The dependent variable was depressive symptoms assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the independent variables were couple relationship assessed by the Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS) and the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI). Multiple regression analysis was conducted separately for men and women, respectively.

　Results: CES-D in men was associated with CRS (β＝-.454, p＜.001), and CES-D in women was associated with CRS (β＝-.329, p＝.002) and QMI (β＝-.255, p＝.015).

　Conclusion: Better score of coparenting relationship was associated with low CES-D score in both men and women caring for their child aged 2 to 4 years.